亚欧大陆科学资源管理

Outflows of absorbing aerosol (black carbon) from continental regions of midlatitudes affect appreciably theclimate and ecological state of the Arctic Ocean. We present a statistical generalization of the absorbing substance concentrations was measured in the equivalent of black carbon (eBC) in the atmosphere of the Eurasiansector of the Arctic Ocean (from the Greenland to Chukchi Seas), which is based on the largest amount of in-situmeasurements in 28 marine expeditions. Our research results show a common regularity for all investigatedregions of the Arctic Ocean with eBC decreasing with latitude rising (increasing distance from continent). Theaverage decreasing gradient of the eBC concentrations per 1◦ latitude is 3.2 ng/m3 over the Barents Sea and 1.3ng/m3 over the Kara Sea. The atmosphere of the Barents Sea stands out in the largest black carbon content: theaverage and modal eBC values are 56 and 15 ng/m3 respectively. Relative to the maximum over the Barents Sea,the eBC concentrations decrease to 20 ng/m3, in both the western (the Greenland Sea) and eastern directions(the East Siberian and Chukchi Seas). More than a factor of two decrease in the eBC concentrations from theBarents sea to Far East seas indicates that the total contribution of outflows of absorbing aerosol from Asian partis smaller than from the north of Europe. Episodic outflows of the strongest pollution (more than 150 ng/m3) arenoted to have a significant effect on the statistical characteristics of black carbon. These situations are observedmost often in the atmosphere of the Barents and Kara Seas. Under the influence of these anomalies, the averageeBC concentrations increase by a factor of 1.5, and the coefficients of variations by a factor of 1.7–2.4. The mapsof the average spatial distribution of the eBC concentrations, measured in marine expeditions, qualitatively agreewith multiyear data from model calculations (MERRA-2 reanalysis). The main difference is the higher model eBCvalues in the southern part of the Laptev Sea and the East Siberian Sea. A comparison of the two data types inthese regions, matched to be coincident in time and collocated in space, confirmed that the model eBC concentrations overestimate measurements by 5.68 ng/m3 on the average. Of two reasons for this difference, moreprobable (as the authors think) is that the model calculations overestimate the outflows of absorbing aerosol tothe eastern sector of the Arctic Ocean.